Safety lock



C. A. MLLER Dec, 9, 1924.

SAFETY LOCK 2 Sheets-SheevI J Filed March 9, 1921 I/VwvMMvvvvvvvv t LA? di@ fi LL@ Dec.. 9, 1924.

1,518,748 c. A. MULLER SAFETY LOCK 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 9, 1921 Patented Dec. 9, 1924.

UNITED STATES CARL AUGUST MLLER, OE WITZENI-IAUSEN, WERRA, GERMANY.

SAFETY LOCK.

Application filled March 9, 1921. Serial No. 450,895.

T0 all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL AUGUST ML- LER, a citizen of the German Republic, and residing at Witzenhausen, Werra, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Safety Locks, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to locks with chublike tumblers, which have two or more key sweeps. The hitherto known locks, having tumblers with two such key sweeps, could not be operated through one and the same keyhole, a separate key-hole being required for each group of such key sweeps. Furthermore, locks are known, which have two groups of tumblers, adapted to be adjusted successively through the two tongues or bits of a doubletongue key.

The present invention has for its object to operate tumblers, which are provided with two or more of such key sweeps, through one and the same key-hole. Said tumblers may be provided in the lock in one group or in two groups. The variability need not be reduced even with locks closing from either side, as is the case with the known chubblocks. Thus by obtaining the possibility, when operating thetumblers, of displacing the latter together with the locking-bolt in such a way that the key sweeps used for said operation are then located within the lock beyond reach from the key-hole, the efiiciency of the lock is considerably increased,

Furthermore, there exists the possibility of ample variations as the single key sweeps as f well as the adaptation of the keyvto the sin gle groups of the latter may be various. Safety-locks constructed according to the invention may be fitted to suit locks requiring two or more turns of the key and having three and more key sweeps for their operation from one side `as well as from either side.

In the accompanying drawing:

Figs. l and 2 are respectively a front view and a cross-section, of one form of lock,

Figs. 3 and 4 are similar views, to the former, of another form of lock,

Figs. 5 and 6 are similar views, to the former, of a third form of lock, while Fig. 7 shows a key used.

Figs. 8 and 9 are respectively a front View and cross section, of a lock requiring two turns of the key and having one group of tumblers,

Figs. 10 and l1 are similar views, to Figs.

is ensured.

8 and 9, of a lock with two groups of tumkblers,

Figs. 12 and 13 are similar views, to Figs. 8 and 9, of a lock requiring two turns of the vkey and adapted'to be operated from either f groups being arranged one behind the other. The bolt a has corresponding sweeps for the key. The key, which for instance may be hollow and inserted over the pin g, has two tongues or bits of known type, as shown in the drawing by dotted lines. During its operation, it lifts iirst with its one tongue the tumblers at the key sweeps and disengages them from the arresting-pin f, while it shifts the locking-bolt, until the latter is again arrested. As the tumblers have moved with the locking-bolt, upon a further turning of the key the second tongue of the latter arrives below the second group of key sweeps y on the tumblers, and said` second tongue serves then for adjusting the key sweeps y when re-opening the lock. As the two groups a2 and g/ of key sweeps may be of variable design, as well as the two tongues of the key, it is obvious that a great variability and thus an increased eiciency The order of succession of the first group at may be totally different to that of the second group at y. Of course, instead of `a double-tongue key, also two different keys with one tongue each may-be used successively for operating the lock, one

key being adapted to suit the group a: and the other the group y. Thereby, a control of the lock is possible by two persons having each one key, while using one and the same keyhole. The guiding of the tumblers may be of any type, and instead of blade springs as shown spiral springs or the likey may be used.

two groups of tumblers may be employed, as shown in Figs. 8 and 4.. The` second group, which is the lower one in the drawing, also moves with the bolt. In case of Furthermore, for increasing the eihciency,

and y may also be identi-cal, one key with 'rate keyhole must be arranged,'one in the identical :tour Orou'ps of key sweeps being formed of a diflerent stroke, a key with two doubletongues is used, each shaft end of' the key having a double-tongue (Fig. 7).V One double-tongue acts then on the groups w and ,e of the tumblers, while for re-opening the one tongue being then sufficient for their "operation For keys locking from either side, for each pair of groups of key vsweeps a sepacover of the lock for the right-hand groups and z (Figs. 5 and 6) .and the other in the opposite wall of the lock for the left-hand Groups y and fw, The lock is acne-turn Iock, and one and thefsame double-tongue key closes the lock from the right on pin .g1 (Fig. 5) at the `groups and e and from the left on pin g2 at the groups g/'and w. The tumblers are here so arranged that'they donot participate in the movementof the bolt. For instance, the tumbler's may be guided on pins d arranged on the lock cover v'while the arresting contrivance f is arranged on the bolt. I

In a similar way, with locks closing from 'either side, such as for instance shown in 5 and 6, the two left-hand groups of sweeps g/ and w may have yan opposite order of succession to that "of the right-hand groups 0c and e. The lock is then operated by means ci' a double-tongue key, which is designed corresponding to the two opposite groupsy a' and z. If, for instance, all the four groups 'of key sweeps are differently shaped,

l,the lock is operated by means oftwo doubletongue keys or by one double-tongue key having a double-tongue on each end.

,Thus, as is obvious from these examples, the groups of key sweeps may be variously arranged: as to the single groups by themselves as well as to the proportion of the single groups to the other groups. Singletongue and double-tongue keys and keys with quadruple-tongue may be employed. y Figs. 8 to 13 inclusive show modifications having more than two key sweeps. Identical reference letters designate identical parts, as in Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive.

In the example shown'in'Figs. 8 and 9, in

single sweeps are, with a single-tongue key,

identical and, with a double-tongue key, different in such a way that the first key sweeps x agree again with the last ones e.

With locks having two groups of tumblers, such as shown in Figs. 10 and 11, which are operated from one side through the same keyhole and by meansoi one'a-nd the same double-tongue key, the single key sweeps of the two groups of tumblers may have an order of succession, analogous to the construction shown in Figs. 8 and 9, in such a way that the firstgroups Vof said key sweeps have another order of succession as the second ones, and the third groups agree with the first groups, so that the lockisfto be operated by two' turns of a key with a two double-tongues, of which one corresponds to the first and the other to the second opposite group of key sweeps. The groups of key sweeps may also agree with eachother in their order of succession in cros'slike fashion, so that the two first groups correspond to one another and the third pair of key sweeps again tothefirst air.

P With locks closing from either side, such as shown in Figs. 12 and 13, a further number of key sweeps, corresponding to the plurality of key sweeps to be adjusted through the keyhole on one side yof the lock, are arranged `on the same group of tumblers and adapted to be operated through a keyhole on the' other side of the lock not coinciding with the'first keyhole.

Vith a one-turn lock closing from either side, each group of tumblers is provided with four key sweeps 1, 2., 3 and 4 12) for the key. With a two-turn lock closing from either side, each group of tuniblers has six key sweeps for the key. f

As, with all said tumblers, one spring acts on either side of the same, they follow the operation of thekey from all sides,- and it is obvious that also the arrangementof the key sweeps serving for the operation from one side and of those serving fory the opera= tion from the other side may be'symmetrical relatively to the arresting groove or to the opening in the tumbler.

lVhat I claim, is:

1. The combination with a safety lock having a multiple turn, key-operated bolt and a single key-hole. of key-operated tumblers for lockingl said bolt in each stage of its inoveinent, said tuinblers having key sweeps arranged in different groups for the different stages of bolt movement, one of said groups adapted to inove opposite the keyhole after each key operation of the bolt for operation by its particular key-tongue, substantially as s-et forth.

2. The combination with a safety-lock having a single keyhole, of key-operated tumblers therein having a plurality of key sweeps arranged in different groups,one of said groups adapted to register with the keyhole on complete projection of the bolt so as to be in operative position for the retraction of said bolt, substantially as set forth.

3. A safety-look as specified in claim 1, in which said tuinblers are arranged in opposite groups, substantially as set forth.

4. A safety-lock as specified in claim l,

having alternately varying and equal key sweeps on one group of tumblers, the rst group of sweeps corresponding to the third, and the second to the fourth group, substantially as set forth.

5. A safety-lock as specified in claim 1, having two oppositely arranged groups of tumblers, varying key sweeps on one and the saine group of tuinblers arranged side by side, and identical opposite alternate sweeps in the opposed groups of tumblers, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CARL AUGUST MULLER. lVtnesses:

UDo HAAsE, SOPHIE MLLER. 

